amazon rainforest
Mahaban Amazon Jungle
The Amazon Forest (Portuguese: Floresta Amazônica or Amazônia; Spanish: Selva Amazónica, AmazonÃa or usually Amazonia; French: Forêt amazonienne; Dutch: Amazoneregenwoud), also known as the Amazon Jungle, is a large forest located in the Amazon River basin of South America. About 55 lakh square kilometers of this forest covering a basin of 70 lakh square kilometers is mainly influenced by the humid climate. This forest is spread across 9 countries. 60% of the Amazon forest is in Brazil, 13% in Peru and the rest in Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. Half of the world's rainforests are this forest itself. The Amazon is rich as a habitat for various species. This forest has about 390 billion trees which are divided into about 16000 species.---(According to Wikipedia)
History of Origin:
Amazon is the largest forest in the world. which is located in South America. In many aspects, this Mahaban Amazon is different from other normal forests, so it is also considered as one of the seven natural wonders of the world.
The Amazon forest originated about 5 million years ago, in the Eocene era. At that time, the entire area surrounded by the Amazon had a warm and humid climate, resulting in the emergence of the Amazon forest. The area of this Amazon forest is about 55 lakh square kilometers.
Biodiversity, flora, and fauna
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There are about 390 billion trees in the Amazon, which are divided into about 16,000 species. Covered with various types of plants, this forest is mostly evergreen trees. So this forest is also called the evergreen forest. This forest is half of all the rainforests in the world. Hence it is also called rain forest. Although the Amazon is called a rainforest, it does not mean that it rains all year round, rather it is called a rainforest because of its high humidity, rainfall (during the monsoon season) and hot weather. The evaporation rate is high due to extreme heat which leads to high humidity and rainfall." (According to Wikipedia)
Nature of forest:
Due to this hot weather, rainfall and humidity, a diverse assemblage of flora and fauna can be seen in this forest. There are 120 feet tall trees, 40,000 species of plants, 2.5 million species of insects, 1,294 species of birds, 378 species of reptiles, 428 species of amphibians and 427 species of mammals, including thousands of unknown species of microorganisms. The fauna here is unparalleled. Interestingly, despite thousands of species of fauna, the ecosystem here is extremely robust and has survived for millions of years.
Notable mammals include jaguars, pink dolphins (the only species of dolphin that lives in freshwater), tamandua, tapir, manatee, rats, squirrels, bats, etc.
Amazon River: Located in the Amazon basin, this river is the largest river in the world by volume and the second longest river after the Nile. It has about 1,100 tributaries, 17 of which are over 1,000 miles long. The river is the main source of biodiversity in the Amazon region and the cradle of this forest that has developed over thousands of years.
Amazon River:
The river that flows through the Amazon rainforest is known as the Amazon River. A peak called Nevado Misimi in the Brazilian part of the Peruvian Andes is the source of the Amazon River.
Amazon River is the second longest river in the world. The river holds more water than any other river in the world.
About a thousand tributaries join together to form the great Amazon River. These tributaries are the life force of the forest.
Among the major tributaries, 17 rivers are more than 1,000 miles long.
These rivers are considered useful for traveling through the forest.
The Amazon River eventually meets the Atlantic Ocean. About 3,000 miles across South America, it empties into the Atlantic.
Where the Amazon River meets the ocean, 42 million cubic feet of water falls into the ocean every second.
During the monsoon season, its volume is fixed at about 70 lakh cubic feet. It is also known that this river carries about 20 percent of the world's water to the ocean.
Tribe:
The total number of small ethnic groups in these forests is more than 10 lakh people. Most of them are of Brazilian origin.
According to a survey, more than 2,000 tribes and communities of indigenous people live in the Amazon jungle.
They have their own language. Moreover, there are Indian, Portuguese, Spanish and other groups among them.
Environmental Disasters:
Before 1960 there was no access to the Amazon jungle. The environment of the forest was normal then.
Around 1970, work on the Trans-Amazonia Highway began. But due to the threat of Amazon, its work was stopped.
However, by 1990, 400,000 square kilometers of the Amazon rainforest had been destroyed.
By the year 2000, the amount of forest cover increased to 5 lakh 87 thousand square kilometers.
You may also all be aware of the Amazon forest fires that raged for several days earlier this year when miles upon miles of forest were ravaged.
A US scientist fears that the Mahaban Amazon may disappear within the next 50 years. According to him, this can happen in an environmental process called complex reaction.
Unplanned deforestation is a threat to this vast forest and the entire world. The result of this will be global warming which will also have an adverse effect on the environment. At the same time, the earth's fus fus and the Amazon forest will slowly become dull.
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