Islamic state and constitution -3
Chapter II
The political ideology of Islam
1. Sources of Islamic politics
2. The beginning of politics
3. Nature and type of Islamic state
4. Caliphate and its political objectives
The political awakening of Muslims in the Himalayan subcontinent brought with it many questions and complications. The most important question was how will the political system of Muslims in the future? It was and is the fervent and earnest desire of every Muslim that his social system should be founded on Islamic ideals. But the greatest misfortune of the Muslims in the present world is that they love Islam, but the correct concept of Islam is missing from them. Because of this, even though they are ready to die for Islam, they do not know how to live on the basis of Islam.
Understanding this state of mind of Muslims, Maulana Maududi [RA] presented the fundamentals of the Islamic way of life with useful explanations. In this context, in October 1939, he read a paper at the conference of the Intercollegiate Muslim Brotherhood in Lahore. Till this time the Muslims could not define any clear national goal for themselves. Maulana told the Muslim Ummah in his article what is the basis of the Islamic state? What purpose is this state established to achieve and what is its basic ideology?
The following pages present the revised article. To avoid repetition, that part of the article which discussed executive matters has been omitted here. Because in the preceding chapters, the discussion has been recorded in detail in the chapters which have been compiled by the respected writer. - Compiler
The political ideology of Islam
You often hear about Islam, “Islam is a democratic system”, “Islam supports dictatorship”, “Islam is the flag bearer of socialism”, etc. Such words have been uttered repeatedly since the end of the last century. But I am convinced that there is not one person in a thousand who has properly studied the Islamic way of life and tried to understand the Islamic way of life. They did not even try to understand what is the nature and status of democracy in Islam, or what principles it offers for social justice and political stability? Some of them have named Islam democracy, dictatorship, or socialism after seeing the two or four external forms of the organizational structure of Islam. And the state of mind of most of them is to prove that what is generally accepted in the world [especially among the powers that be in the world of leadership and authority and the people in power in their respective countries] is somehow present in Islam, in their eyes, the best of this religion. Big regret. Perhaps they think of Islam as an orphan child who can only be saved from destruction by the patronage of an influential person. Or perhaps they think that not only can our status as Muslims be established, but that our status can only be established if we can show an established existence in the world within our principles. The result of this humanism is that when socialism fell in the world, some people among Muslims shouted that socialism is just a new version of Islam. Again when the rule of dictatorship started, some other people saw here the example of Amir's loyalty and started saying that the whole organizational system of Islam is based on dictatorship.
In short, the political ideology of Islam today is a puzzle and a maze. From here, all the things that are hot in the market are shown. There needs to be a proper intellectual analysis of what is actually the political ideology of Islam. As a result, these misconceptions spread around will not only be removed but also in the mouths of those who have recently publicly declared themselves and anonymously in writing that "Islam does not really propose any political and social system." Rather, a lamp of light will emerge before the world drowning in darkness, which the world is waiting for today. Of course, he has lost this sense of anticipation today.1. Sources of Islamic politicsFirst of all, understand well that Islam is not just a collection of scattered beliefs and practices, into which a variety of opinions have been assembled from here and there. In fact, Islam is a well-coordinated and just system of life. It is based on certain ideals and principles. Everything from its main pillars to its very accessories has a logical relation to its ideals and principles. As many rules and regulations as Islam has presented about all the categories and different levels of human life, the basic principles of the inner vitality and outer structure of all of them have also been adopted from the ideal. From these ideals and principles, a complete Islamic system of life with all its appurtenances can be formed just as in the case of a tree you see the root from the seed, the stem from the root, the branch from the stem and the branches and leaves from the branch. Even as the plant expands widely, even its distal leaves are closely related to the main root. Therefore, to understand any aspect and section of the Islamic life system, it is essential to look at its roots. Because nothing else can capture its vitality and core ideas.The mission of the prophetsAlmost all Muslims know two things about Islam. One is that the mission of all the prophets was Islam. It is not only the mission of Prophet Muhammad. Rather, all the prophets who have come from Allah from the oldest chapter of human history, all had this same mission. The second thing is that all the prophets came with the purpose of making people accept the authority and lordship of one God and obey Him alone.Read more: Guidence/Hidaya
It is very common for Muslims to have a clear understanding of these two truths. Every Muslim on hearing this will say, it is a matter of knowledge, even a village Muslim knows it. But I want you to uncover this short story and go deep into it. The real thing is hidden behind this cover. Investigate and think carefully, what is the purpose of acknowledging God's sovereignty? What does it mean to obey only Him? And did it say that when a servant of Allah [the Prophet] declared, "You have no god but Allah," then all the anti-God forces began to pierce him like poisonous thorns in the jungle? If only it were so, as it is thought nowadays, to go to the mosque and prostrate before Allah, and come out of the mosque to give unconditional obedience and obedience to the ruling government [whoever is in power], then there is any government that is so loyal to it. It interferes with the religious freedom of compulsory subjects?Let us analyze and see, what was the dispute and conflict between Ambiyae Kiram and other powers of the world about Allah?
The Qur'an has made it clear in several places that all the infidels who clashed with the polytheists and the Prophets, basically none of them denied the existence of Allah. All of them believed in the existence of Allah. They accepted and believed that Allah is the creator of the heavens and the earth and the creator of the polytheists themselves. The entire management of the world is carried out in his hands. He is the one who makes it rain. Wind moves according to his command. The moon, the sun and the earth are all under his control“Ask them, whose is the earth and all that is in it, say, if you know? They will surely say Allah's. Tell me, why don't you think? Ask them, who is the owner of the seven heavens and the great throne? They will say, Allah. You say, why don't you fear him? Ask them, in Whose hand is the authority of all things, Who shelters all, Whose shelter none can shelter anyone against his will, Who is He, say if ye know! They will say, Allah. You say, then, into what deception have you been plunged?” [Surah Mu'min: 84]“Who created the heavens and the earth? And if you ask them who has regulated the sun and the moon, they will surely say Allah. But still, they are confused where are they going?” [Surah Ankabut: 61]
"If you ask them, who rains water from the sky and gives life to the dead earth with it? But they will surely say, Allah. [Surah Ankabut: 63]"If you ask them, who created you? But surely they will say: Despite Allah, where are they going astray?” [Surah Zukhruf: 87]Therefore, it is clear from these verses that there has never been any disagreement in human society about the existence of Allah and about His being the sole owner and Lord of the heavens and the earth. People have always accepted these things naturally. So there was no doubt that there was no need to send a prophet to re-broadcast these words and make them accepted by the people. So the question is, what was the purpose of the arrival of the prophets in the world? And what was their dispute with the opponent?The Qur'an has given a clear answer to this. According to the Qur'an, the root cause of all disputes and disputes was the saying of the Prophets: "He Who created you and the heavens and the earth, indeed He is your Lord and God alone." So do not accept anyone as Lord and God except Him. But the people were not at all ready to accept this statement of the Prophet.Let's find out why they disagreed with the prophets? What does 'only God' mean? Who is Rob? Allah is Lord and God, admit it, why were the prophets so steadfast? And why did the opponent declare war against this?What is the meaning of 'Ilah' and 'Rabe'?Everyone knows that the word Ilah means God. Readers will forgive me, Muslims have forgotten the meaning of Ma'bud. The word ma'bud is derived from the metal 'abd'. Abd means servant, servant, or servant. Ibadat does not mean mere worship. A servant, a slave, or a slave who spends his life in a state of servitude and servitude, is his entire worship. To stand for service, to fold hands reverently, to bow the head in acknowledgment of servitude, to be always animated in the attitude and spirit of obedience, to strive and scurry to obey orders, to complete the work which is directed to be done, to give what the master demands, To be humble and humble before His power and majesty, to obey His laws, to attack those against whom He directs, to lay down one's life if necessary for the sake of His orders, these are the true meaning and essence of worship. He whom man worships in this way is his true Lord.And what is the meaning of Rab? The root meaning of Rab in Arabic is Nurturer. Since the custom of the world is that he who nurtures is obeyed and obeyed. So another meaning of Rab is owner and master. That is why in Arabic the owner of wealth is called rabbul mal' [owner of wealth] and the owner of a house is called rabbul dar'. One whom man knows as his provider and nurturer, from whom he hopes for favor and prosperity, from whom he hopes for honor, prosperity and security, from whose mercy he fears that his life will be ruined if he does not receive it, whom he acknowledges as his master and master. And whoever obeys in practice, that is his Lord. [For a detailed explanation of these two terms, refer to the author's book 'Four Basic Terms of the Qur'an'.]Paying attention to the meaning of these two words, think a little deeper, in front of people, who can stand with the claim, I am your God, I am your Lord, and worship and serve me? Can trees make such claims? Does the stone deserve such a claim? Can the sea dare to make such a claim? Can any animal, moon, sun, or star show such arrogance? Does anyone have the competition to come in front of people and claim this? No, not at all. It is only possible for a man to claim divinity over man, and it is the man who commits this crime. The love and desire to dominate are born only in the head of man, no one else. The lust for excessive power and the desire for excessive pleasure induce men to become masters of other men, bind them in their bonds of servitude, force them to bow before themselves, impose their orders on them, and make them instruments for the fulfillment of their lustful instincts. Being the lord or god of man is so much fun that man has not found anything more fun to date. Whatever power, wealth, cunning, prudence and wisdom, or any power of any other kind he possesses, he wishes that he should at any rate advance beyond his own legitimate and natural boundaries, to extend his dominion on all sides, and to God's power and glory should be spread.
There are two types of people who aspire to such mastery and follow two different paths.1. the direct claimant
One type of people tends to be relatively brave, or they have abundant means of mastery. They directly claim their divinity or lordship. An example of this is Pharaoh. Relying on his royal power and military vassals, he said to the people of Egypt: "I am your supreme Lord" [Surah Annaaziyat: 24]. He also said: "I do not know that you have any god but me." [Surah Qasas: 38]. When Hazrat Musa Alaihis Salam presented the claim of his nation's freedom in front of him and said to him, "You yourself accept the slavery of the Lord of the Worlds", then he said, "I can send you to jail, so consider me as God." "If you worship anyone other than Me, I will take you captive" [Surah Ash-Shuara: 29]. Another similar example is the king who had a debate with Hazrat Ibrahim alaihis salam. Note the language in which it is mentioned in the Qur'an:"Have you not seen the man who disputed with Abraham as to who is the Lord of Abraham? He engaged in this debate because Allah had placed him in the ruling power. When Ibrahim said, "He is my Lord in Whose hand is life and death." Then he said: Life and death are in my hands. Ibrahim said: Well, Allah makes the sun rise from the east, you make it rise from the west! Hearing this, the infidel was shocked." [Surah Al-Baqarah: 258]Think about why this infidel was shocked? Because he did not deny the existence of Allah. He also knew that Allah is the sole Lord and Ruler of the entire universe who makes the sun rise and set. Who is the owner and boss of the universe? It was not a matter of debate. The point of contention was that the lord and master of the people especially the people of Iraq. He did not claim to be Allah, his claim was only that I am the Lord and Owner of the people of Iraq. And he made this demand because the ruling power was in his hands. The lives of the countrymen were in his hands. He could hang whomever he pleased and spare whomever he pleased. He thought that the words that came out of his mouth had the status of law and that he ruled over all subjects. So he commanded Hazrat Ibrahim (peace be upon him), accept me as your Lord and worship and serve me. But when Hazrat Ibrahim (peace be upon him) said, He who is the Lord of the earth and the sky and to whom even this sun obeys, I will accept only Him as Lord and Lord and I will worship and serve Him. Then he was shocked and just wondered how I could subjugate such a person. [See the author's "Four Basic Terms of the Qur'an" for a more detailed explanation of the matter.]The claim of God that Nimrod and Pharaoh made was not only limited to them, it was and is the claim of all rulers in all parts of the world. The term Khoda Khodawand was used for the emperor of Iran. And all the rituals of Vandana were done in front of him. But no Iranian considered him as the great God of all Gods or Allah. Even the kings themselves did not claim it. Similarly, rulers in India also claimed to be descendants of gods. That's why Suryavanshi, Chandravanshi is still famous. The king was called the giver of food and prostrate before him. But just as no king claimed to be supreme or supreme, so the subjects did not think so. The situation in other countries of the world was similar then and still is. In some places, the synonyms of Ilah and Rab are still openly applied to the ruler. But wherever these words are not applied, the motivation and ideology latent in the meaning of these words are practically present. It is not necessary to declare God or Lord in clear language to make a such a divine claim. The absolute and sovereign power that Nimrud and Pharaoh established over the people, the despotic rule and dominion and dominion that they established, the very thing that they would establish, they actually claimed what was meant by Ilah and Rabb, as if the words Ilah and Rabb were uttered in the mouth. To do or not to do. And those who obey and enslave them, no matter what they say with their mouths, actually accept them as God and Lord.2. the indirect claimant
In essence, one type of man, directly and indirectly, asserts his own divinity and lordship. But there is another type of people who have neither the strength nor the means to take the field with such demands and induce the people to accept them. But they also have the weapon of ingenuity and with that, they are able to do magic in the minds of common people. Using all these means, they deify any spirit, deity, idol, grave, star, or tree. Then they tell the people, that they are capable of harming and benefiting you, capable of fulfilling your desires and they are your guardians, protectors and helpers. If you do not satisfy them, they will attack you with diseases, epidemics, famines and various disasters. And if you please them and pray to fulfill your desires, then they will help you. But we know how to make them happy and how to attract them to you. We are the only way to approach them. So accept our greatness and old age. Make us happy and leave your wealth and honor in our hands. Many foolish people fall into this trap. And this is how the gods of priests, priests and servants are established under the cover of false gods.Within this category, there is another group. They are engaged in professions like astronomy, talismans and magic spells. Moreover, there are others who accept the worship and servitude of Allah, but they also say that you cannot reach Allah directly. We are the means of reaching his court. The rituals of worship are done through us. Every religious ritual from your birth to your death will be done by us. There are other people who are custodians and experts in the Book of Allah but deprive the common people of its knowledge, and they themselves begin to introduce fabricated rules of halal and haram, adorning themselves with the self-designed barkandaz of Allah. Thus every word uttered from their mouth becomes law. They make people slaves not to Allah but to their own orders. This is the main point of the patriarchalism and papacy that has been operating in different names and different forms from the beginning of the world to the present day in different countries and regions. Due to this, some clans, castes and classes maintain their dominance over the common people.source of confusion
Seen from this point of view, the main source of all confusion and all calamities and disturbances in the world is the domination of man over man - be it directly or indirectly. From this began all lawlessness and wickedness, and from it a thousand poisonous fountains still flow. Allah knows all the secrets of human nature. But now, through thousands of years of experience, we ourselves have come to know that people cannot live without obeying God or God. It is impossible for him to live unless someone is his Lord or God. If he disobeys Allah, then he is not saved from Allah and the Lord. Rather, in that case, numerous gods and lords will sit on his neck. Even today, wherever you look, somewhere one nation is sitting as the God of another nation. Somewhere this class is the master of another class or group. Somewhere a group is occupying the position of God and Lord. Somewhere the nation-state is enshrined in God's seat. And somewhere a despot is exclaiming, "I do not know that you have any god but Me" [Surah Qasas: 38]. Nowhere in the world did people live without God or God.After that, it is necessary to think about the consequences of man's domination over a man. The result of making an incompetent police commissioner or an idiot prime minister is the same here. Such is the intoxication of lordship that no man can remain still after drinking this wine. And even if it is assumed that one can remain still, where will man find the knowledge that is necessary to fulfill the duties of lordship and that is necessary to be free from selflessness and superstition? That is why wherever human domination and absolute authority are established, oppression, oppression, aggression, illegitimate interests, injustice and unequal treatment do not fail to occur in one form or another. The human spirit could not be deprived of its natural freedom. Such strictures could not be imposed on the human mind and on its innate powers, abilities and talents, which stunted the growth and development of the human personality. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) correctly said:"Allah Ta'ala says: I created My servants with a perfect and pure nature. Later the Shaytan came and surrounded them, diverted them from their naturally correct path, and the Shaytans deprived them of what I had made lawful for them.” [Qudsi in Hadith]In fact, this thing is the main cause of all the dangers and troubles of man, all the destruction and disasters and all the deprivations. This is the obstacle to his progress. This is the apocalyptic disease that has eaten away like tuberculosis its morality and spirituality, its knowledge and thought, its society and civilization, its politics and economy, in a word, its entire humanity. It has been eaten since the earliest times and continues to be consumed even today. The only cure for this disease is that people deny all Gods and all Gods and declare only God the Lord of the Worlds as their Lord, God and Lord. Besides, there is no other way for his release. Because even if he is an atheist and heretic, he is not saved from the hands of numerous worldly gods and lords.The real reforming work of the prophets
This work is the fundamental reforming work done by the Prophets in human life. In fact, they came to the end of the domination of man over man. Their real vow and goal were to liberate people from this oppression, from slavery to these false and false gods and from this aggression and exploitation. Their aim was to push back within the bounds of man who had exceeded the limits of humanity and to bring up to the limit those who had been thrown below it. They wanted everyone to follow such a balanced and justice-based way of life, where no man would be the slave or master of another man. There will be neither worshipers nor worshippers. Instead, everyone will become a servant of God. All the prophets who have come to the world since the beginning of time had the same saying, "O people! All of you serve Allah. You have no god but Him.” Hazrat Nuh alaihis salam, Hazrat Hud alaihis salam, Hazrat Saleh alaihis salam and Hazrat Shuaib alaihis salam also said the same. And the last Prophet Muhammad, who was born on the soil of Arabia, declared the same:“I am only a cautioner. There is no god but Allah who is victorious overall. Who are the Lord of the heavens and the earth and everything in between.” [Surah Saad: 65-66]“Surely He is your Lord, Who created the heavens and the earth. And created the sun, moon and stars. All are obedient to his orders. Beware, His is the creation and He is the rule. [Surah Araf: 54]"Allah is your Lord. There is no god but Him. He is the creator of all things. So obey Him, He is the Sustainer of all things.” [Surah Anayam: 102]"Man has not been commanded to do anything other than to serve Allah with undivided obedience and concentration." [Surah Al-Bayyina: 5]“Come to that which is one and the same between us and you. That is, we will not enslave anyone other than Allah, we will not associate anyone with His deity, and we will not take anyone from among us as an alternative lord to Allah.” [Surah Al Imran: 64]It was this call that freed the soul of man, his thought and intellect and his mental and material powers from the bonds of servitude. It was the real freedom charter for the people. It is said in the Qur'an about this feat of Muhammad sallallahu alayhi wasallam:"This Prophet rescued the people from the burdens they were crushing under and broke the bonds with which they were bound." [Surah Araf: 157]2. The beginning of politicsThis creed and belief is the core and foundation of the rules and regulations that the Prophet (peace be upon him) has created for mankind. Fundamental to Islamic politics is the principle that the power to command and legislate must be taken away from each man individually and from all men collectively. It shall not be accepted for anyone to give orders and for others to obey him. This right and power belong only to Allah, no one else."None shall be ruled by anyone except Allah, He has commanded that you should not be enslaved by anyone except Him, this is the right way of life." [Surah Yusuf: 40]“They ask, do we have some share in power? You say all power belongs to Allah alone. [Surah Ala Imran: 154]"Do not falsely say with your mouth that this is halal and this is haram." [Surah Annah: 116]"Those who do not judge according to the Shariah revealed by Allah are disbelievers." [Surah al-Maida: 44]According to this ideology, sovereignty belongs only to Allah Ta'ala. The author of the law is none other than Allah Ta'ala. No man, let alone a prophet, has the right to command and forbid individually. The Prophet himself is obedient to the orders of Allah."I follow only the instructions received by revelation." [Surah Anayam: 50]Common people are commanded to obey the Prophet only because he is not issuing his own command but Allah's command."Whomsoever I have sent as a Messenger, he will be obeyed by the permission of Allah - that is why I have sent them." [Surah An-Nisa: 64]"To these people, We have given the Book, the Authority and the Prophethood." [Surah Anayam: 89]
"No man has the right that Allah bestows upon him the Book, authority and Prophethood and he says to the people, 'Become my servants instead of Allah.' Rather, he will only say that you become slaves of Allah. [Surah Al-Imran: 79]So, the basic and basic characteristics of the Islamic state that can be found from the above verses of the Quran are as follows:1. No individual, family, class, or group, or even the entire population of a state, is sovereign. Only Allah has the sovereign power. All the rest have the status of mere subjects.2. No one but Allah has the power to make laws. All Muslims cannot come together to make any law for themselves, nor can they amend any law made by Allah.3. The Islamic state will be established on the basis of the law given by the Prophet of God. And the government that administers this state will be entitled to obedience only as a government that enforces and implements the laws of God and as long as it continues to enforce the laws of God.3. Nature and type of Islamic stateAnyone who takes a look at the mentioned features can understand that this is not a western type of secular democracy [Secular Democracy]. Because from a philosophical point of view democracy is a system of governance in which the common citizens of the country have sovereignty, the laws of the country are made according to their opinion and the law is amended and modified according to their opinion. Laws they want will be enacted and laws they don't want will be struck off the statute book. This is not true in Islam. Here is a supreme basic rule given by Allah through His Messenger, which the government and the state must obey. So in this sense, it cannot be called democracy. A more accurate name for this is "Theocracy". But the Islamic theocracy is quite different from the theocracy Europe is familiar with. In the theocracy that Europe is familiar with, a special religious group [Priest class] imposes laws of their own making in the name of God. [The Christian Pope and clergy had no Shari'ah or law at all except for some moral teachings of Hazrat Isa Alaihis Salam. So they used to make laws according to their instincts and called them the laws of Allah and implemented them. Verse 79 of Surah Baqarah states: “For those who write a book with their own hands and say that it is from Allah, there is a dire consequence.”] In this way, they practically imposed their dominion over the people. It is more appropriate to call such a rule satanic rather than divine. On the other hand, the theocracy presented by Islam is not limited to any particular religious group but is concentrated in the hands of ordinary Muslims. And these ordinary Muslims manage the Book of Allah according to the Sunnah of Rasool. If I may be allowed to coin a new term, I would call this regime “Islamic democracy”. Because it has given Muslims limited popular sovereignty under the sovereignty of Allah. The Executive and Legislature will be formed according to the opinion of the Muslim people. The Muslim people will have the right to oust these two. Administrative and other matters that do not have clear provisions in the Shariah of Allah, will be settled by the consensus of the Muslim people. Where Allah's law is subject to interpretation, not a particular group or generation, but a person from among the common Muslims who has attained the qualification of ijtihad will have the right to interpret it. From this point of view, it is a democracy. But as I said a little earlier, where the irrevocable command of Allah and His Messenger exists, there is no Muslim leader, no legislature, no mujtahid, no scholar, even if the Muslims of the whole world unite, yet they do not have the right to modify even a hair's breadth of the said command. . In this respect it is a theocracy or religious rule.Before proceeding further I would like to explain a little about why these restrictions and strictures are imposed on democracy in Islam and what kind of restrictions are imposed. Those who object may say that in this way Allah Ta'ala has taken away the freedom of conscience and soul of man. But you say, God's sovereignty gives people freedom of knowledge, thought, body and soul. The answer to this is that the law-making power which Allah Ta'ala has placed in His own hands is not to take away the natural and innate freedom of man, but to protect it. Its purpose is to save people from going astray and shooting themselves in the foot.The so-called secular democracies of the West are claimed to guarantee mass sovereignty. But the substance of this claim will become clear if the democratic system is reviewed. The people who make up a state do not make laws themselves and do not implement them. They are forced to hand over their sovereign power to certain individuals, to make and execute laws on their behalf. It is for this purpose that a system and infrastructure of elections are developed. Since society as a whole is devoid of valuable assets like morality, honesty, and trustworthiness and does not recognize the importance of these concepts, those who can fool the people with their knowledge, wealth, cunning and false propaganda are elected in large numbers in these elections. Not only that, they are elected by the people and become their gods or lords. And after being elected, they write laws not for the benefit of the people, but for their own personal and class interests. Then because of the power given by the people, these anti-people laws are imposed on the people. Be it America, Britain, or other countries that consider themselves to be the paradise of democracy, this is the same deplorable situation in all countries.Then, if we ignore this aspect and accept that in those countries laws are made according to the wishes of the common people, yet experience has proven that the common people themselves do not fully understand their own good and bad. It is a natural weakness of man that for most of his life he perceives some aspects of reality and cannot perceive others. That is why his decisions are usually unilateral. Emotions and instinctive desires become so strong in him that he is rarely able to take accurate and impartial decisions and opinions in a completely unbiased cognitive and rational manner. Even what appears to him to be true cognitively and logically at times, he uses to deal with emotional and instinctive desires. I can give many examples to prove this. But in order to avoid procrastination, I will give the example of the American Prohibition Act. In light of all scientific theories, facts and arguments, it has been proved beyond doubt that alcohol is injurious to health, exerts a bad influence on the mental and intellectual powers and brings about distortion and disaster in human civilization. Based on this information, American public opinion favored the passage of Prohibition. According to the verdict of the people, the US Congress passed this law in 1918. But when the law came into force, the very people who passed it rebelled against it. They brewed and drank worse liquor illegally. Alcohol was consumed several times more than before, and crime increased. Finally, by the vote of the people who once made alcohol forbidden, it was again made halal by their vote. In 1933, only 15 years later, this haram fatwa was changed to a halal fatwa, not because, theoretically and logically, consumption of alcohol was known to be beneficial. Rather, the only reason for this was that the people had become slaves to the lust of their Jahili instincts. They surrendered their sovereignty to Satan, the director of their instincts, made their lusts their god, and in enslaving this god were determined to change the law they had once considered theoretically and logically correct. There are many more such instances, from which it is clear that man is not fully qualified to be a Legislature for himself. Even if he is freed from the slavery of other masters, he will become the slave of his own illegal desires and make himself the ruler of his instincts, Satan. So it is in his own interest that reasonable limits and restrictions should be imposed on his freedom.That is why Allah Ta'ala has imposed some restrictions. These are called "Hududullah" in Islamic terms, meaning God's Limits [Divine Limits]. Consisting of certain principles, rules and irrevocable instructions in every department of life, these restrictions have been imposed to maintain the balance and equilibrium of the department concerned. They mark the ultimate limits of human freedom and imply that within these limits you can formulate relevant rules for your conduct. But you are not allowed to cross this limit. If you cross this limit, your life will be subject to disaster and distortion.Take, for example, the economic life of man. In it, Allah Ta'ala has established a number of boundary lines by guaranteeing individual property rights, making Zakat obligatory, prohibiting usury, prohibiting gambling, promulgating inheritance laws and imposing restrictions on earning, saving and spending wealth. If people keep these border marks and organize transactions and activities within their limits, then, on the one hand, individual freedom will be maintained, and on the other hand, the class struggle and the domination of one class over another cannot arise, which starts from exploitative-repressive capitalism and goes to the dictatorship of the workers. is finished.Similarly, in family life, Allah Ta'ala has defined the boundaries of the Shariah-compliant veil, male supremacy, the rights and duties of husband, wife, children and parents, the provision of divorce and separation, conditional permission for multiple marriages, and the punishment for adultery and the slander of adultery. By properly guarding these boundaries and keeping within its bounds and building up one's domestic life in an orderly manner, then the home will not become a hotbed of oppression, nor will the raging demonic flood of unbridled female freedom, which threatens to destroy the whole of human civilization, burst forth from it.Similarly, for the preservation of human society and civilization, Allah has permanently banned the dua of perversion by establishing the law of qisas [death penalty for murder], amputation of hands for theft, prohibition of alcohol, the limit of body covering and some such permanent rules.There is no space here to present a complete list of these limiting rules of Allah and to analyze in detail how important each of these rules is for establishing balance and harmony in human life. Here I just want to impress upon the reader that Allah has thus given man such a permanent and unchangeable constitution that does not destroy the vitality of his freedom and his power of thought and understanding. Rather, it shows him a clear and precise straight path, so that he does not go astray and run towards destruction due to his own ignorance and weakness. His energies and talents should not be wasted by being wasted in the wrong way, but he should be able to proceed directly on the path of his true welfare and prosperity. Reader, if you have ever had the experience of hiking a rugged mountain road, you must have seen that the winding mountain road has deep ravines on one side and high rock walls on the other. And the two sides of that path are protected by barriers so that the passerby cannot go toward the ditch. The purpose of setting up these barriers is to take away the freedom of the passerby? No, it's not. Rather, its purpose is only to protect him from destruction and to tell him at every turn and every possible danger that this way is your way. You have to turn this way and not this way so that you can reach your destination safely. This is the purpose of the strict rules imposed by Allah Ta'ala in His constitution. These boundaries guide man in the right direction of travel along life's path and tell him at every dangerous turn that the path to peace and safety is this way and you must go this way and not that way.God's written and constitution is immutable. You can rebel against the justice and constitution of other Western Muslim countries if you want, but you cannot change it. It is a fixed and unchangeable constitution for the time till the Resurrection. When the Islamic state is established, it will be based on this constitution. As long as the Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Messenger remain in the world, not a single section of this constitution can be changed. Whoever wants to be a Muslim must follow it.
In short, the political ideology of Islam today is a puzzle and a maze. From here, all the things that are hot in the market are shown. There needs to be a proper intellectual analysis of what is actually the political ideology of Islam. As a result, these misconceptions spread around will not only be removed but also in the mouths of those who have recently publicly declared themselves and anonymously in writing that "Islam does not really propose any political and social system." Rather, a lamp of light will emerge before the world drowning in darkness, which the world is waiting for today. Of course, he has lost this sense of anticipation today.
1. Sources of Islamic politics
First of all, understand well that Islam is not just a collection of scattered beliefs and practices, into which a variety of opinions have been assembled from here and there. In fact, Islam is a well-coordinated and just system of life. It is based on certain ideals and principles. Everything from its main pillars to its very accessories has a logical relation to its ideals and principles. As many rules and regulations as Islam has presented about all the categories and different levels of human life, the basic principles of the inner vitality and outer structure of all of them have also been adopted from the ideal. From these ideals and principles, a complete Islamic system of life with all its appurtenances can be formed just as in the case of a tree you see the root from the seed, the stem from the root, the branch from the stem and the branches and leaves from the branch. Even as the plant expands widely, even its distal leaves are closely related to the main root. Therefore, to understand any aspect and section of the Islamic life system, it is essential to look at its roots. Because nothing else can capture its vitality and core ideas.
The mission of the prophets
Almost all Muslims know two things about Islam. One is that the mission of all the prophets was Islam. It is not only the mission of Prophet Muhammad. Rather, all the prophets who have come from Allah from the oldest chapter of human history, all had this same mission. The second thing is that all the prophets came with the purpose of making people accept the authority and lordship of one God and obey Him alone.
Read more: Guidence/Hidaya
It is very common for Muslims to have a clear understanding of these two truths. Every Muslim on hearing this will say, it is a matter of knowledge, even a village Muslim knows it. But I want you to uncover this short story and go deep into it. The real thing is hidden behind this cover. Investigate and think carefully, what is the purpose of acknowledging God's sovereignty? What does it mean to obey only Him? And did it say that when a servant of Allah [the Prophet] declared, "You have no god but Allah," then all the anti-God forces began to pierce him like poisonous thorns in the jungle? If only it were so, as it is thought nowadays, to go to the mosque and prostrate before Allah, and come out of the mosque to give unconditional obedience and obedience to the ruling government [whoever is in power], then there is any government that is so loyal to it. It interferes with the religious freedom of compulsory subjects?
Let us analyze and see, what was the dispute and conflict between Ambiyae Kiram and other powers of the world about Allah?
The Qur'an has made it clear in several places that all the infidels who clashed with the polytheists and the Prophets, basically none of them denied the existence of Allah. All of them believed in the existence of Allah. They accepted and believed that Allah is the creator of the heavens and the earth and the creator of the polytheists themselves. The entire management of the world is carried out in his hands. He is the one who makes it rain. Wind moves according to his command. The moon, the sun and the earth are all under his control
“Ask them, whose is the earth and all that is in it, say, if you know? They will surely say Allah's. Tell me, why don't you think? Ask them, who is the owner of the seven heavens and the great throne? They will say, Allah. You say, why don't you fear him? Ask them, in Whose hand is the authority of all things, Who shelters all, Whose shelter none can shelter anyone against his will, Who is He, say if ye know! They will say, Allah. You say, then, into what deception have you been plunged?” [Surah Mu'min: 84]
“Who created the heavens and the earth? And if you ask them who has regulated the sun and the moon, they will surely say Allah. But still, they are confused where are they going?” [Surah Ankabut: 61]
"If you ask them, who rains water from the sky and gives life to the dead earth with it? But they will surely say, Allah. [Surah Ankabut: 63]
"If you ask them, who created you? But surely they will say: Despite Allah, where are they going astray?” [Surah Zukhruf: 87]
Therefore, it is clear from these verses that there has never been any disagreement in human society about the existence of Allah and about His being the sole owner and Lord of the heavens and the earth. People have always accepted these things naturally. So there was no doubt that there was no need to send a prophet to re-broadcast these words and make them accepted by the people. So the question is, what was the purpose of the arrival of the prophets in the world? And what was their dispute with the opponent?
The Qur'an has given a clear answer to this. According to the Qur'an, the root cause of all disputes and disputes was the saying of the Prophets: "He Who created you and the heavens and the earth, indeed He is your Lord and God alone." So do not accept anyone as Lord and God except Him. But the people were not at all ready to accept this statement of the Prophet.
Let's find out why they disagreed with the prophets? What does 'only God' mean? Who is Rob? Allah is Lord and God, admit it, why were the prophets so steadfast? And why did the opponent declare war against this?
What is the meaning of 'Ilah' and 'Rabe'?
Everyone knows that the word Ilah means God. Readers will forgive me, Muslims have forgotten the meaning of Ma'bud. The word ma'bud is derived from the metal 'abd'. Abd means servant, servant, or servant. Ibadat does not mean mere worship. A servant, a slave, or a slave who spends his life in a state of servitude and servitude, is his entire worship. To stand for service, to fold hands reverently, to bow the head in acknowledgment of servitude, to be always animated in the attitude and spirit of obedience, to strive and scurry to obey orders, to complete the work which is directed to be done, to give what the master demands, To be humble and humble before His power and majesty, to obey His laws, to attack those against whom He directs, to lay down one's life if necessary for the sake of His orders, these are the true meaning and essence of worship. He whom man worships in this way is his true Lord.
And what is the meaning of Rab? The root meaning of Rab in Arabic is Nurturer. Since the custom of the world is that he who nurtures is obeyed and obeyed. So another meaning of Rab is owner and master. That is why in Arabic the owner of wealth is called rabbul mal' [owner of wealth] and the owner of a house is called rabbul dar'. One whom man knows as his provider and nurturer, from whom he hopes for favor and prosperity, from whom he hopes for honor, prosperity and security, from whose mercy he fears that his life will be ruined if he does not receive it, whom he acknowledges as his master and master. And whoever obeys in practice, that is his Lord. [For a detailed explanation of these two terms, refer to the author's book 'Four Basic Terms of the Qur'an'.]
Paying attention to the meaning of these two words, think a little deeper, in front of people, who can stand with the claim, I am your God, I am your Lord, and worship and serve me? Can trees make such claims? Does the stone deserve such a claim? Can the sea dare to make such a claim? Can any animal, moon, sun, or star show such arrogance? Does anyone have the competition to come in front of people and claim this? No, not at all. It is only possible for a man to claim divinity over man, and it is the man who commits this crime. The love and desire to dominate are born only in the head of man, no one else. The lust for excessive power and the desire for excessive pleasure induce men to become masters of other men, bind them in their bonds of servitude, force them to bow before themselves, impose their orders on them, and make them instruments for the fulfillment of their lustful instincts. Being the lord or god of man is so much fun that man has not found anything more fun to date. Whatever power, wealth, cunning, prudence and wisdom, or any power of any other kind he possesses, he wishes that he should at any rate advance beyond his own legitimate and natural boundaries, to extend his dominion on all sides, and to God's power and glory should be spread.
There are two types of people who aspire to such mastery and follow two different paths.
1. the direct claimant
One type of people tends to be relatively brave, or they have abundant means of mastery. They directly claim their divinity or lordship. An example of this is Pharaoh. Relying on his royal power and military vassals, he said to the people of Egypt: "I am your supreme Lord" [Surah Annaaziyat: 24]. He also said: "I do not know that you have any god but me." [Surah Qasas: 38]. When Hazrat Musa Alaihis Salam presented the claim of his nation's freedom in front of him and said to him, "You yourself accept the slavery of the Lord of the Worlds", then he said, "I can send you to jail, so consider me as God." "If you worship anyone other than Me, I will take you captive" [Surah Ash-Shuara: 29]. Another similar example is the king who had a debate with Hazrat Ibrahim alaihis salam. Note the language in which it is mentioned in the Qur'an:
"Have you not seen the man who disputed with Abraham as to who is the Lord of Abraham? He engaged in this debate because Allah had placed him in the ruling power. When Ibrahim said, "He is my Lord in Whose hand is life and death." Then he said: Life and death are in my hands. Ibrahim said: Well, Allah makes the sun rise from the east, you make it rise from the west! Hearing this, the infidel was shocked." [Surah Al-Baqarah: 258]
Think about why this infidel was shocked? Because he did not deny the existence of Allah. He also knew that Allah is the sole Lord and Ruler of the entire universe who makes the sun rise and set. Who is the owner and boss of the universe? It was not a matter of debate. The point of contention was that the lord and master of the people especially the people of Iraq. He did not claim to be Allah, his claim was only that I am the Lord and Owner of the people of Iraq. And he made this demand because the ruling power was in his hands. The lives of the countrymen were in his hands. He could hang whomever he pleased and spare whomever he pleased. He thought that the words that came out of his mouth had the status of law and that he ruled over all subjects. So he commanded Hazrat Ibrahim (peace be upon him), accept me as your Lord and worship and serve me. But when Hazrat Ibrahim (peace be upon him) said, He who is the Lord of the earth and the sky and to whom even this sun obeys, I will accept only Him as Lord and Lord and I will worship and serve Him. Then he was shocked and just wondered how I could subjugate such a person. [See the author's "Four Basic Terms of the Qur'an" for a more detailed explanation of the matter.]
The claim of God that Nimrod and Pharaoh made was not only limited to them, it was and is the claim of all rulers in all parts of the world. The term Khoda Khodawand was used for the emperor of Iran. And all the rituals of Vandana were done in front of him. But no Iranian considered him as the great God of all Gods or Allah. Even the kings themselves did not claim it. Similarly, rulers in India also claimed to be descendants of gods. That's why Suryavanshi, Chandravanshi is still famous. The king was called the giver of food and prostrate before him. But just as no king claimed to be supreme or supreme, so the subjects did not think so. The situation in other countries of the world was similar then and still is. In some places, the synonyms of Ilah and Rab are still openly applied to the ruler. But wherever these words are not applied, the motivation and ideology latent in the meaning of these words are practically present. It is not necessary to declare God or Lord in clear language to make a such a divine claim. The absolute and sovereign power that Nimrud and Pharaoh established over the people, the despotic rule and dominion and dominion that they established, the very thing that they would establish, they actually claimed what was meant by Ilah and Rabb, as if the words Ilah and Rabb were uttered in the mouth. To do or not to do. And those who obey and enslave them, no matter what they say with their mouths, actually accept them as God and Lord.
2. the indirect claimant
In essence, one type of man, directly and indirectly, asserts his own divinity and lordship. But there is another type of people who have neither the strength nor the means to take the field with such demands and induce the people to accept them. But they also have the weapon of ingenuity and with that, they are able to do magic in the minds of common people. Using all these means, they deify any spirit, deity, idol, grave, star, or tree. Then they tell the people, that they are capable of harming and benefiting you, capable of fulfilling your desires and they are your guardians, protectors and helpers. If you do not satisfy them, they will attack you with diseases, epidemics, famines and various disasters. And if you please them and pray to fulfill your desires, then they will help you. But we know how to make them happy and how to attract them to you. We are the only way to approach them. So accept our greatness and old age. Make us happy and leave your wealth and honor in our hands. Many foolish people fall into this trap. And this is how the gods of priests, priests and servants are established under the cover of false gods.
Within this category, there is another group. They are engaged in professions like astronomy, talismans and magic spells. Moreover, there are others who accept the worship and servitude of Allah, but they also say that you cannot reach Allah directly. We are the means of reaching his court. The rituals of worship are done through us. Every religious ritual from your birth to your death will be done by us. There are other people who are custodians and experts in the Book of Allah but deprive the common people of its knowledge, and they themselves begin to introduce fabricated rules of halal and haram, adorning themselves with the self-designed barkandaz of Allah. Thus every word uttered from their mouth becomes law. They make people slaves not to Allah but to their own orders. This is the main point of the patriarchalism and papacy that has been operating in different names and different forms from the beginning of the world to the present day in different countries and regions. Due to this, some clans, castes and classes maintain their dominance over the common people.
source of confusion
Seen from this point of view, the main source of all confusion and all calamities and disturbances in the world is the domination of man over man - be it directly or indirectly. From this began all lawlessness and wickedness, and from it a thousand poisonous fountains still flow. Allah knows all the secrets of human nature. But now, through thousands of years of experience, we ourselves have come to know that people cannot live without obeying God or God. It is impossible for him to live unless someone is his Lord or God. If he disobeys Allah, then he is not saved from Allah and the Lord. Rather, in that case, numerous gods and lords will sit on his neck. Even today, wherever you look, somewhere one nation is sitting as the God of another nation. Somewhere this class is the master of another class or group. Somewhere a group is occupying the position of God and Lord. Somewhere the nation-state is enshrined in God's seat. And somewhere a despot is exclaiming, "I do not know that you have any god but Me" [Surah Qasas: 38]. Nowhere in the world did people live without God or God.
After that, it is necessary to think about the consequences of man's domination over a man. The result of making an incompetent police commissioner or an idiot prime minister is the same here. Such is the intoxication of lordship that no man can remain still after drinking this wine. And even if it is assumed that one can remain still, where will man find the knowledge that is necessary to fulfill the duties of lordship and that is necessary to be free from selflessness and superstition? That is why wherever human domination and absolute authority are established, oppression, oppression, aggression, illegitimate interests, injustice and unequal treatment do not fail to occur in one form or another. The human spirit could not be deprived of its natural freedom. Such strictures could not be imposed on the human mind and on its innate powers, abilities and talents, which stunted the growth and development of the human personality. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) correctly said:
"Allah Ta'ala says: I created My servants with a perfect and pure nature. Later the Shaytan came and surrounded them, diverted them from their naturally correct path, and the Shaytans deprived them of what I had made lawful for them.” [Qudsi in Hadith]
In fact, this thing is the main cause of all the dangers and troubles of man, all the destruction and disasters and all the deprivations. This is the obstacle to his progress. This is the apocalyptic disease that has eaten away like tuberculosis its morality and spirituality, its knowledge and thought, its society and civilization, its politics and economy, in a word, its entire humanity. It has been eaten since the earliest times and continues to be consumed even today. The only cure for this disease is that people deny all Gods and all Gods and declare only God the Lord of the Worlds as their Lord, God and Lord. Besides, there is no other way for his release. Because even if he is an atheist and heretic, he is not saved from the hands of numerous worldly gods and lords.
The real reforming work of the prophets
This work is the fundamental reforming work done by the Prophets in human life. In fact, they came to the end of the domination of man over man. Their real vow and goal were to liberate people from this oppression, from slavery to these false and false gods and from this aggression and exploitation. Their aim was to push back within the bounds of man who had exceeded the limits of humanity and to bring up to the limit those who had been thrown below it. They wanted everyone to follow such a balanced and justice-based way of life, where no man would be the slave or master of another man. There will be neither worshipers nor worshippers. Instead, everyone will become a servant of God. All the prophets who have come to the world since the beginning of time had the same saying, "O people! All of you serve Allah. You have no god but Him.” Hazrat Nuh alaihis salam, Hazrat Hud alaihis salam, Hazrat Saleh alaihis salam and Hazrat Shuaib alaihis salam also said the same. And the last Prophet Muhammad, who was born on the soil of Arabia, declared the same:
“I am only a cautioner. There is no god but Allah who is victorious overall. Who are the Lord of the heavens and the earth and everything in between.” [Surah Saad: 65-66]
“Surely He is your Lord, Who created the heavens and the earth. And created the sun, moon and stars. All are obedient to his orders. Beware, His is the creation and He is the rule. [Surah Araf: 54]
"Allah is your Lord. There is no god but Him. He is the creator of all things. So obey Him, He is the Sustainer of all things.” [Surah Anayam: 102]
"Man has not been commanded to do anything other than to serve Allah with undivided obedience and concentration." [Surah Al-Bayyina: 5]
“Come to that which is one and the same between us and you. That is, we will not enslave anyone other than Allah, we will not associate anyone with His deity, and we will not take anyone from among us as an alternative lord to Allah.” [Surah Al Imran: 64]
It was this call that freed the soul of man, his thought and intellect and his mental and material powers from the bonds of servitude. It was the real freedom charter for the people. It is said in the Qur'an about this feat of Muhammad sallallahu alayhi wasallam:
"This Prophet rescued the people from the burdens they were crushing under and broke the bonds with which they were bound." [Surah Araf: 157]
2. The beginning of politics
This creed and belief is the core and foundation of the rules and regulations that the Prophet (peace be upon him) has created for mankind. Fundamental to Islamic politics is the principle that the power to command and legislate must be taken away from each man individually and from all men collectively. It shall not be accepted for anyone to give orders and for others to obey him. This right and power belong only to Allah, no one else.
"None shall be ruled by anyone except Allah, He has commanded that you should not be enslaved by anyone except Him, this is the right way of life." [Surah Yusuf: 40]
“They ask, do we have some share in power? You say all power belongs to Allah alone. [Surah Ala Imran: 154]
"Do not falsely say with your mouth that this is halal and this is haram." [Surah Annah: 116]
"Those who do not judge according to the Shariah revealed by Allah are disbelievers." [Surah al-Maida: 44]
According to this ideology, sovereignty belongs only to Allah Ta'ala. The author of the law is none other than Allah Ta'ala. No man, let alone a prophet, has the right to command and forbid individually. The Prophet himself is obedient to the orders of Allah.
"I follow only the instructions received by revelation." [Surah Anayam: 50]
Common people are commanded to obey the Prophet only because he is not issuing his own command but Allah's command.
"Whomsoever I have sent as a Messenger, he will be obeyed by the permission of Allah - that is why I have sent them." [Surah An-Nisa: 64]
"To these people, We have given the Book, the Authority and the Prophethood." [Surah Anayam: 89]
"No man has the right that Allah bestows upon him the Book, authority and Prophethood and he says to the people, 'Become my servants instead of Allah.' Rather, he will only say that you become slaves of Allah. [Surah Al-Imran: 79]
So, the basic and basic characteristics of the Islamic state that can be found from the above verses of the Quran are as follows:
1. No individual, family, class, or group, or even the entire population of a state, is sovereign. Only Allah has the sovereign power. All the rest have the status of mere subjects.
2. No one but Allah has the power to make laws. All Muslims cannot come together to make any law for themselves, nor can they amend any law made by Allah.
3. The Islamic state will be established on the basis of the law given by the Prophet of God. And the government that administers this state will be entitled to obedience only as a government that enforces and implements the laws of God and as long as it continues to enforce the laws of God.
3. Nature and type of Islamic state
Anyone who takes a look at the mentioned features can understand that this is not a western type of secular democracy [Secular Democracy]. Because from a philosophical point of view democracy is a system of governance in which the common citizens of the country have sovereignty, the laws of the country are made according to their opinion and the law is amended and modified according to their opinion. Laws they want will be enacted and laws they don't want will be struck off the statute book. This is not true in Islam. Here is a supreme basic rule given by Allah through His Messenger, which the government and the state must obey. So in this sense, it cannot be called democracy. A more accurate name for this is "Theocracy". But the Islamic theocracy is quite different from the theocracy Europe is familiar with. In the theocracy that Europe is familiar with, a special religious group [Priest class] imposes laws of their own making in the name of God. [The Christian Pope and clergy had no Shari'ah or law at all except for some moral teachings of Hazrat Isa Alaihis Salam. So they used to make laws according to their instincts and called them the laws of Allah and implemented them. Verse 79 of Surah Baqarah states: “For those who write a book with their own hands and say that it is from Allah, there is a dire consequence.”] In this way, they practically imposed their dominion over the people. It is more appropriate to call such a rule satanic rather than divine. On the other hand, the theocracy presented by Islam is not limited to any particular religious group but is concentrated in the hands of ordinary Muslims. And these ordinary Muslims manage the Book of Allah according to the Sunnah of Rasool. If I may be allowed to coin a new term, I would call this regime “Islamic democracy”. Because it has given Muslims limited popular sovereignty under the sovereignty of Allah. The Executive and Legislature will be formed according to the opinion of the Muslim people. The Muslim people will have the right to oust these two. Administrative and other matters that do not have clear provisions in the Shariah of Allah, will be settled by the consensus of the Muslim people. Where Allah's law is subject to interpretation, not a particular group or generation, but a person from among the common Muslims who has attained the qualification of ijtihad will have the right to interpret it. From this point of view, it is a democracy. But as I said a little earlier, where the irrevocable command of Allah and His Messenger exists, there is no Muslim leader, no legislature, no mujtahid, no scholar, even if the Muslims of the whole world unite, yet they do not have the right to modify even a hair's breadth of the said command. . In this respect it is a theocracy or religious rule.
Before proceeding further I would like to explain a little about why these restrictions and strictures are imposed on democracy in Islam and what kind of restrictions are imposed. Those who object may say that in this way Allah Ta'ala has taken away the freedom of conscience and soul of man. But you say, God's sovereignty gives people freedom of knowledge, thought, body and soul. The answer to this is that the law-making power which Allah Ta'ala has placed in His own hands is not to take away the natural and innate freedom of man, but to protect it. Its purpose is to save people from going astray and shooting themselves in the foot.
The so-called secular democracies of the West are claimed to guarantee mass sovereignty. But the substance of this claim will become clear if the democratic system is reviewed. The people who make up a state do not make laws themselves and do not implement them. They are forced to hand over their sovereign power to certain individuals, to make and execute laws on their behalf. It is for this purpose that a system and infrastructure of elections are developed. Since society as a whole is devoid of valuable assets like morality, honesty, and trustworthiness and does not recognize the importance of these concepts, those who can fool the people with their knowledge, wealth, cunning and false propaganda are elected in large numbers in these elections. Not only that, they are elected by the people and become their gods or lords. And after being elected, they write laws not for the benefit of the people, but for their own personal and class interests. Then because of the power given by the people, these anti-people laws are imposed on the people. Be it America, Britain, or other countries that consider themselves to be the paradise of democracy, this is the same deplorable situation in all countries.
Then, if we ignore this aspect and accept that in those countries laws are made according to the wishes of the common people, yet experience has proven that the common people themselves do not fully understand their own good and bad. It is a natural weakness of man that for most of his life he perceives some aspects of reality and cannot perceive others. That is why his decisions are usually unilateral. Emotions and instinctive desires become so strong in him that he is rarely able to take accurate and impartial decisions and opinions in a completely unbiased cognitive and rational manner. Even what appears to him to be true cognitively and logically at times, he uses to deal with emotional and instinctive desires. I can give many examples to prove this. But in order to avoid procrastination, I will give the example of the American Prohibition Act. In light of all scientific theories, facts and arguments, it has been proved beyond doubt that alcohol is injurious to health, exerts a bad influence on the mental and intellectual powers and brings about distortion and disaster in human civilization. Based on this information, American public opinion favored the passage of Prohibition. According to the verdict of the people, the US Congress passed this law in 1918. But when the law came into force, the very people who passed it rebelled against it. They brewed and drank worse liquor illegally. Alcohol was consumed several times more than before, and crime increased. Finally, by the vote of the people who once made alcohol forbidden, it was again made halal by their vote. In 1933, only 15 years later, this haram fatwa was changed to a halal fatwa, not because, theoretically and logically, consumption of alcohol was known to be beneficial. Rather, the only reason for this was that the people had become slaves to the lust of their Jahili instincts. They surrendered their sovereignty to Satan, the director of their instincts, made their lusts their god, and in enslaving this god were determined to change the law they had once considered theoretically and logically correct. There are many more such instances, from which it is clear that man is not fully qualified to be a Legislature for himself. Even if he is freed from the slavery of other masters, he will become the slave of his own illegal desires and make himself the ruler of his instincts, Satan. So it is in his own interest that reasonable limits and restrictions should be imposed on his freedom.
That is why Allah Ta'ala has imposed some restrictions. These are called "Hududullah" in Islamic terms, meaning God's Limits [Divine Limits]. Consisting of certain principles, rules and irrevocable instructions in every department of life, these restrictions have been imposed to maintain the balance and equilibrium of the department concerned. They mark the ultimate limits of human freedom and imply that within these limits you can formulate relevant rules for your conduct. But you are not allowed to cross this limit. If you cross this limit, your life will be subject to disaster and distortion.
Take, for example, the economic life of man. In it, Allah Ta'ala has established a number of boundary lines by guaranteeing individual property rights, making Zakat obligatory, prohibiting usury, prohibiting gambling, promulgating inheritance laws and imposing restrictions on earning, saving and spending wealth. If people keep these border marks and organize transactions and activities within their limits, then, on the one hand, individual freedom will be maintained, and on the other hand, the class struggle and the domination of one class over another cannot arise, which starts from exploitative-repressive capitalism and goes to the dictatorship of the workers. is finished.
Similarly, in family life, Allah Ta'ala has defined the boundaries of the Shariah-compliant veil, male supremacy, the rights and duties of husband, wife, children and parents, the provision of divorce and separation, conditional permission for multiple marriages, and the punishment for adultery and the slander of adultery. By properly guarding these boundaries and keeping within its bounds and building up one's domestic life in an orderly manner, then the home will not become a hotbed of oppression, nor will the raging demonic flood of unbridled female freedom, which threatens to destroy the whole of human civilization, burst forth from it.
Similarly, for the preservation of human society and civilization, Allah has permanently banned the dua of perversion by establishing the law of qisas [death penalty for murder], amputation of hands for theft, prohibition of alcohol, the limit of body covering and some such permanent rules.
There is no space here to present a complete list of these limiting rules of Allah and to analyze in detail how important each of these rules is for establishing balance and harmony in human life. Here I just want to impress upon the reader that Allah has thus given man such a permanent and unchangeable constitution that does not destroy the vitality of his freedom and his power of thought and understanding. Rather, it shows him a clear and precise straight path, so that he does not go astray and run towards destruction due to his own ignorance and weakness. His energies and talents should not be wasted by being wasted in the wrong way, but he should be able to proceed directly on the path of his true welfare and prosperity. Reader, if you have ever had the experience of hiking a rugged mountain road, you must have seen that the winding mountain road has deep ravines on one side and high rock walls on the other. And the two sides of that path are protected by barriers so that the passerby cannot go toward the ditch. The purpose of setting up these barriers is to take away the freedom of the passerby? No, it's not. Rather, its purpose is only to protect him from destruction and to tell him at every turn and every possible danger that this way is your way. You have to turn this way and not this way so that you can reach your destination safely. This is the purpose of the strict rules imposed by Allah Ta'ala in His constitution. These boundaries guide man in the right direction of travel along life's path and tell him at every dangerous turn that the path to peace and safety is this way and you must go this way and not that way.
God's written and constitution is immutable. You can rebel against the justice and constitution of other Western Muslim countries if you want, but you cannot change it. It is a fixed and unchangeable constitution for the time till the Resurrection. When the Islamic state is established, it will be based on this constitution. As long as the Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Messenger remain in the world, not a single section of this constitution can be changed. Whoever wants to be a Muslim must follow it.
Objectives of the Islamic State
Allah has also set a goal for the state that will be formed under this constitution and it has been analyzed in several places in the Quran. For example:"I have sent the messengers with clear signs and given them the Book and the standard, so that people may be established on justice. And I have sent down iron, which has great strength and benefits for the people.” [Surah Hadid: 25]In this verse, iron refers to political power or coercive power. And the task of the Messenger is determined to establish social justice according to the clear guidance that Allah has given them and the scale that He has called them to in His Book, i.e. the balanced and balanced way of life. Said elsewhere:"These are the people whom, when I give them the power to rule the earth, they will establish prayer, give zakat, and enjoin good deeds and forbid them from evil deeds." [Surah Al-Hajj: 41]Elsewhere he says:“You are the best race that has appeared for the welfare of mankind. Your duty is to enjoin good deeds, to forbid evil deeds, and to believe in Allah” [Surah Al-Imran: 110]Characteristics of an Islamic StateA. Positive and comprehensive activities: If you think about the above verses, it can be understood that the concept and plan of the state that the Quran presents are not negative, but has a positive purpose in front of it. His object is not only to resist the excesses and tyranny of men, but also to preserve their liberties, and to defend the country against foreign invasion; Rather, it aims to implement the balanced and balanced system of social justice presented in the Book of Allah. The purpose of the state is to eliminate all the forms and types of injustice that Allah has mentioned in His clear instructions and to establish and implement all the types of righteous and good deeds. Political power will also be applied in the appropriate environments and conditions for this work. Work will also be carried out through invitations and campaigns. Means of education and training will also be employed, and party influence and public opinion pressure will also be applied.It is easy to understand that such a state cannot limit its activities and activities. It is a versatile and comprehensive state. The entire human life is its field of action. He wanted to reorganize every department of social, cultural, municipal and state life according to his own unique moral outlook and reform program. Here no one can call any matter personal. From this point of view, this state claims a kind of similarity with the communist and dictatorial state systems. However, going a little further, the reader will see that despite possessing such all-encompassing and all-encompassing authority, the Islamic state does not take away individual freedom like totalitarian and authoritarian states, and does not impose dictatorship [Dictatorship]. In this regard, the Islamic State has set the example of the highest level of balance and the delicate and fine boundary wall between right and wrong, the conscience of a truly insightful person naturally testifies that such a balanced system is indeed not possible for anyone except Allah, the Omniscient and All-Seeing.b. Partisan and Ideological State: If we think about the regime, purpose and reformist character of the Islamic state, it is self-evident that this state can be run only by those who believe in its regime, who accept its purpose as the purpose of their lives, who fully agree with its reformist program. , who not only fully trust it but also feel its vitality well and know its ins and outs. Islam has not imposed any geographical, racial and linguistic restrictions in this regard. He presents his regime, objectives and reform-oriented programs to all the people. Whoever accepts it, whatever caste, clan, country, or nation he may belong to, may join the party formed for the purpose of governing this state. And whoever does not accept it should not be involved in state work. But he can live as a Protector Citizen of the state. Specific rights and privileges are prescribed for him in Islamic law. But he will not be given the status of a partner in the government. Kona is an idealistic state whose administrative functions can be run only by people who believe in its ideals. [See chapter 16 of this book for a more detailed discussion]Here also some similarity is found between the Islamic state and the communist state. But the behavior of the Commonwealth of Nations towards the dissidents has nothing to do with the behavior of the Islamic State. As soon as the conquest and seizure of power begin in the communist state, the continuous process of imposing one's cultural norms on others by force, confiscation of property, killing and bloodshed and sending thousands of people to the hell of the world, Siberia has no existence in Islam no The liberal treatment of Islam towards non-Muslims within its national borders and the sharp line it draws between oppression and justice and between truth and falsehood, any fair-minded person can understand at a glance how the reformers who come from Allah work And what is the working method of all the self-styled reforms that appear in the world.4. Caliphate and its political objectivesNow I will give some explanation of the structure of the Islamic state and its working methods. As I said earlier, the real sovereign ruler in Islam is Allah. In light of this principle, when you consider the question of what should be the status and position of those who would undertake to introduce God's law in the world, your mind will automatically say that they should be called the representatives of the original sovereign. In Islam, they have been given the same status. It is said in the Quran:"Allah has promised those among you who believe and do righteous deeds, that He will make them viceroys [caliphs] on earth, just as He made others viceroys before them." [Surah Noor: 55]This verse sheds light on the state theory of Islam very clearly. Two basic issues have been discussed in it:First, Islam uses the term caliphate or representation instead of sovereign rule. Since according to his ideology the sovereignty belongs to Allah, according to Islamic polity anyone who holds a ruling position anywhere in the world must be the representative of the Supreme Ruler Allah. He is entitled to exercise delegated power only.Secondly, it is irrefutably known from this verse that the promise of making a caliph or representative is made with all the believers. It has not been said that I will make someone representative from among the believers. This means that every believer has the right to a caliphate. The caliphate given by Allah to the believers is the universal caliphate. It is not specific to any individual, family, class, or caste. Every believer is the caliph of Allah in his own place. As a caliph, everyone is accountable to Allah. In a famous hadith, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:“Each one of you is a keeper. Each will be asked about his subordinates.”Under this universal caliphate of Allah, one caliph is not inferior to another caliph in any way.The dignity of Islamic democracyThis is the real basis of democracy in Islam. Reviewing the above-mentioned theory of the universal caliphate, the following conclusions can be reached.
1. In a society where every person is the caliph of Allah and an equal sharer in the caliphate, there is no room for class-based division and discrimination, and for birth or social aristocracy and discrimination. In that society, all persons will have equal status. Any excellence will be based on personal merit and integrity. Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam has pointed out this point unequivocally several times. In the Farewell Hajj speech he said:"Oh, people! Listen, your Lord is One. There is no superiority of an Arab over a non-Arab and a non-Arab over an Arab. There is no superiority of a white man over a black man and a black man over a white man. Excellence will be judged only on the basis of piety and honesty. The most God-fearing among you is the most honorable in the sight of Allah.” [Tafseer Ruhul Mayani, Vol. 26, p. 148]After the conquest of Makkah, when the entire Arab world was included in the Islamic state, the family members of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, held the status of priests in Arabia. He said to them:"Thanks be to Allah, He has purified you from the guilt of ignorance and arrogance. O, people! Listen, people are of two types: one who is honest and moderate. They are respected by Allah. Two, those who are dishonest and do bad deeds. They are inferior to Allah. Basically, all people are children of Adam. And Adam was created by God from dust. Allah says, O people! I have created you from the same male and female…………….”2. In such a society there should not be any obstacle for any person or any group of people in terms of their birth, social status, or profession, which may in any way hinder the development of their individual merits and talents and the achievement of the excellence of his personality. Here all the individuals in the society have equal opportunities for development. People can advance as far as they are able to advance according to their abilities and abilities, so on the one hand we want our own way to be open and on the other hand, we want to make sure that the progress of someone else is not hindered by him. In Islam, this thing exists to the fullest extent and in its fullest form. Throughout the history of Islam, many slaves and their children have been appointed generals and provincial governors, and notables from large noble families have served under them. While sewing the shoes of many uncles, he immediately sat down in the Musnad of the Imam. Many Zola [cloth makers] have become Muftis, Qazis and Faqihs today whose names are included in the list of great men of Islam. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said:"Even if an Abyssinian slave is appointed ruler over you, listen to and obey his orders." [Bukhari]3. In such a society, there is no room for a dictator of any person or group to become an easy ruler. Because everyone is a caliph here. No one has the right to take away the caliphate from ordinary Muslims and turn them into dictators. The true condition of the ruler here is that all the Muslims or, in the terminology, all the Caliphs voluntarily centralized their respective Caliphates in his hands for administrative purposes. He is obliged to answer on the one hand to Allah and on the other hand to all the caliphs who have entrusted their caliphate to him. Now if he turns into an irresponsible dictator, he is no longer a caliph but an exploiter and usurper. The Canaanite dictatorship is actually a rejection of the universal caliphate of the people. Although it is true that the Islamic state is the basis of an all-encompassing system, the law of God by which the Islamic state will be governed is all-encompassing and all-encompassing. The instructions which Allah Ta'ala has issued in all aspects and departments of life must be fully implemented. But the Islamic state against those instructions cannot take away the individual freedom of the people themselves. He allowed the people to take up or not to take up a profession, to learn or not to learn a trade, to teach or not to teach children a particular subject, to wear or not to wear a particular type of hat, to use a particular type of alphabet for the language or not, and to make girls wear a particular type of dress. Can't force you to wear it or not. Dictators in Russia, Germany, and Italy exercised these arbitrary powers, and Atatürk exercised them in Turkey. But Islam never gave its rulers such power. Moreover, in an important matter, in Islam, every person is personally responsible to Allah. This personal responsibility and accountability is something that has no partner. He should therefore have full liberty within the bounds of the law, to take any course for himself and to employ his talents and talents wherever he is inclined. If the ruler obstructs his way, he will be held accountable to Allah as an oppressor. For this reason, during the reign of Rasool Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam and Khulafay Rashedin, there was no sign of taking away the individual freedom of the subjects.4. In such a society, every adult Muslim man and woman should have the right to vote. Because he is entitled to the caliphate. Allah did not condition this caliphate on any particular level of merit or wealth. He only imposed conditions of faith and good deeds. So all Muslims enjoy equal rights in terms of judgment or voting.On the one hand, Islam has established the highest and absolute level of democracy. Individualism, on the other hand, which conflicts with collective life, prevents the development of individual freedom. Here the relationship between individual and society is established in such a way that individual freedom is not lost within the society as in the collective social structure of communism and fascism. Again, like Western democracy, individual freedom is not so unlimited that it becomes harmful to society. In Islam, the life goals of both individuals and society are one and the same. That is the implementation of Allah's law and attaining Allah's pleasure. After fully accepting the rights of the individual in Islam, certain duties towards society have also been prescribed for him. In this way, such harmony has been created between individual freedom and collectivity that the individual gets the full opportunity to develop his abilities and talents, and he also helps in social welfare with his superior powers. It is a separate matter. There is no space to discuss it in detail here. I have made some brief hints on this subject in order to clear up the possibility of misunderstandings that may have arisen as a result of the interpretation of Islamic democracy which I have given earlier.
Allah has also set a goal for the state that will be formed under this constitution and it has been analyzed in several places in the Quran. For example:
"I have sent the messengers with clear signs and given them the Book and the standard, so that people may be established on justice. And I have sent down iron, which has great strength and benefits for the people.” [Surah Hadid: 25]
In this verse, iron refers to political power or coercive power. And the task of the Messenger is determined to establish social justice according to the clear guidance that Allah has given them and the scale that He has called them to in His Book, i.e. the balanced and balanced way of life. Said elsewhere:
"These are the people whom, when I give them the power to rule the earth, they will establish prayer, give zakat, and enjoin good deeds and forbid them from evil deeds." [Surah Al-Hajj: 41]
Elsewhere he says:
“You are the best race that has appeared for the welfare of mankind. Your duty is to enjoin good deeds, to forbid evil deeds, and to believe in Allah” [Surah Al-Imran: 110]
Characteristics of an Islamic State
A. Positive and comprehensive activities: If you think about the above verses, it can be understood that the concept and plan of the state that the Quran presents are not negative, but has a positive purpose in front of it. His object is not only to resist the excesses and tyranny of men, but also to preserve their liberties, and to defend the country against foreign invasion; Rather, it aims to implement the balanced and balanced system of social justice presented in the Book of Allah. The purpose of the state is to eliminate all the forms and types of injustice that Allah has mentioned in His clear instructions and to establish and implement all the types of righteous and good deeds. Political power will also be applied in the appropriate environments and conditions for this work. Work will also be carried out through invitations and campaigns. Means of education and training will also be employed, and party influence and public opinion pressure will also be applied.
It is easy to understand that such a state cannot limit its activities and activities. It is a versatile and comprehensive state. The entire human life is its field of action. He wanted to reorganize every department of social, cultural, municipal and state life according to his own unique moral outlook and reform program. Here no one can call any matter personal. From this point of view, this state claims a kind of similarity with the communist and dictatorial state systems. However, going a little further, the reader will see that despite possessing such all-encompassing and all-encompassing authority, the Islamic state does not take away individual freedom like totalitarian and authoritarian states, and does not impose dictatorship [Dictatorship]. In this regard, the Islamic State has set the example of the highest level of balance and the delicate and fine boundary wall between right and wrong, the conscience of a truly insightful person naturally testifies that such a balanced system is indeed not possible for anyone except Allah, the Omniscient and All-Seeing.
b. Partisan and Ideological State: If we think about the regime, purpose and reformist character of the Islamic state, it is self-evident that this state can be run only by those who believe in its regime, who accept its purpose as the purpose of their lives, who fully agree with its reformist program. , who not only fully trust it but also feel its vitality well and know its ins and outs. Islam has not imposed any geographical, racial and linguistic restrictions in this regard. He presents his regime, objectives and reform-oriented programs to all the people. Whoever accepts it, whatever caste, clan, country, or nation he may belong to, may join the party formed for the purpose of governing this state. And whoever does not accept it should not be involved in state work. But he can live as a Protector Citizen of the state. Specific rights and privileges are prescribed for him in Islamic law. But he will not be given the status of a partner in the government. Kona is an idealistic state whose administrative functions can be run only by people who believe in its ideals. [See chapter 16 of this book for a more detailed discussion]
Here also some similarity is found between the Islamic state and the communist state. But the behavior of the Commonwealth of Nations towards the dissidents has nothing to do with the behavior of the Islamic State. As soon as the conquest and seizure of power begin in the communist state, the continuous process of imposing one's cultural norms on others by force, confiscation of property, killing and bloodshed and sending thousands of people to the hell of the world, Siberia has no existence in Islam no The liberal treatment of Islam towards non-Muslims within its national borders and the sharp line it draws between oppression and justice and between truth and falsehood, any fair-minded person can understand at a glance how the reformers who come from Allah work And what is the working method of all the self-styled reforms that appear in the world.
4. Caliphate and its political objectives
Now I will give some explanation of the structure of the Islamic state and its working methods. As I said earlier, the real sovereign ruler in Islam is Allah. In light of this principle, when you consider the question of what should be the status and position of those who would undertake to introduce God's law in the world, your mind will automatically say that they should be called the representatives of the original sovereign. In Islam, they have been given the same status. It is said in the Quran:
"Allah has promised those among you who believe and do righteous deeds, that He will make them viceroys [caliphs] on earth, just as He made others viceroys before them." [Surah Noor: 55]
This verse sheds light on the state theory of Islam very clearly. Two basic issues have been discussed in it:
First, Islam uses the term caliphate or representation instead of sovereign rule. Since according to his ideology the sovereignty belongs to Allah, according to Islamic polity anyone who holds a ruling position anywhere in the world must be the representative of the Supreme Ruler Allah. He is entitled to exercise delegated power only.
Secondly, it is irrefutably known from this verse that the promise of making a caliph or representative is made with all the believers. It has not been said that I will make someone representative from among the believers. This means that every believer has the right to a caliphate. The caliphate given by Allah to the believers is the universal caliphate. It is not specific to any individual, family, class, or caste. Every believer is the caliph of Allah in his own place. As a caliph, everyone is accountable to Allah. In a famous hadith, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:
“Each one of you is a keeper. Each will be asked about his subordinates.”
Under this universal caliphate of Allah, one caliph is not inferior to another caliph in any way.
The dignity of Islamic democracy
This is the real basis of democracy in Islam. Reviewing the above-mentioned theory of the universal caliphate, the following conclusions can be reached.
1. In a society where every person is the caliph of Allah and an equal sharer in the caliphate, there is no room for class-based division and discrimination, and for birth or social aristocracy and discrimination. In that society, all persons will have equal status. Any excellence will be based on personal merit and integrity. Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam has pointed out this point unequivocally several times. In the Farewell Hajj speech he said:
"Oh, people! Listen, your Lord is One. There is no superiority of an Arab over a non-Arab and a non-Arab over an Arab. There is no superiority of a white man over a black man and a black man over a white man. Excellence will be judged only on the basis of piety and honesty. The most God-fearing among you is the most honorable in the sight of Allah.” [Tafseer Ruhul Mayani, Vol. 26, p. 148]
After the conquest of Makkah, when the entire Arab world was included in the Islamic state, the family members of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, held the status of priests in Arabia. He said to them:
"Thanks be to Allah, He has purified you from the guilt of ignorance and arrogance. O, people! Listen, people are of two types: one who is honest and moderate. They are respected by Allah. Two, those who are dishonest and do bad deeds. They are inferior to Allah. Basically, all people are children of Adam. And Adam was created by God from dust. Allah says, O people! I have created you from the same male and female…………….”
2. In such a society there should not be any obstacle for any person or any group of people in terms of their birth, social status, or profession, which may in any way hinder the development of their individual merits and talents and the achievement of the excellence of his personality. Here all the individuals in the society have equal opportunities for development. People can advance as far as they are able to advance according to their abilities and abilities, so on the one hand we want our own way to be open and on the other hand, we want to make sure that the progress of someone else is not hindered by him. In Islam, this thing exists to the fullest extent and in its fullest form. Throughout the history of Islam, many slaves and their children have been appointed generals and provincial governors, and notables from large noble families have served under them. While sewing the shoes of many uncles, he immediately sat down in the Musnad of the Imam. Many Zola [cloth makers] have become Muftis, Qazis and Faqihs today whose names are included in the list of great men of Islam. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said:
"Even if an Abyssinian slave is appointed ruler over you, listen to and obey his orders." [Bukhari]
3. In such a society, there is no room for a dictator of any person or group to become an easy ruler. Because everyone is a caliph here. No one has the right to take away the caliphate from ordinary Muslims and turn them into dictators. The true condition of the ruler here is that all the Muslims or, in the terminology, all the Caliphs voluntarily centralized their respective Caliphates in his hands for administrative purposes. He is obliged to answer on the one hand to Allah and on the other hand to all the caliphs who have entrusted their caliphate to him. Now if he turns into an irresponsible dictator, he is no longer a caliph but an exploiter and usurper. The Canaanite dictatorship is actually a rejection of the universal caliphate of the people. Although it is true that the Islamic state is the basis of an all-encompassing system, the law of God by which the Islamic state will be governed is all-encompassing and all-encompassing. The instructions which Allah Ta'ala has issued in all aspects and departments of life must be fully implemented. But the Islamic state against those instructions cannot take away the individual freedom of the people themselves. He allowed the people to take up or not to take up a profession, to learn or not to learn a trade, to teach or not to teach children a particular subject, to wear or not to wear a particular type of hat, to use a particular type of alphabet for the language or not, and to make girls wear a particular type of dress. Can't force you to wear it or not. Dictators in Russia, Germany, and Italy exercised these arbitrary powers, and Atatürk exercised them in Turkey. But Islam never gave its rulers such power. Moreover, in an important matter, in Islam, every person is personally responsible to Allah. This personal responsibility and accountability is something that has no partner. He should therefore have full liberty within the bounds of the law, to take any course for himself and to employ his talents and talents wherever he is inclined. If the ruler obstructs his way, he will be held accountable to Allah as an oppressor. For this reason, during the reign of Rasool Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam and Khulafay Rashedin, there was no sign of taking away the individual freedom of the subjects.
4. In such a society, every adult Muslim man and woman should have the right to vote. Because he is entitled to the caliphate. Allah did not condition this caliphate on any particular level of merit or wealth. He only imposed conditions of faith and good deeds. So all Muslims enjoy equal rights in terms of judgment or voting.
On the one hand, Islam has established the highest and absolute level of democracy. Individualism, on the other hand, which conflicts with collective life, prevents the development of individual freedom. Here the relationship between individual and society is established in such a way that individual freedom is not lost within the society as in the collective social structure of communism and fascism. Again, like Western democracy, individual freedom is not so unlimited that it becomes harmful to society. In Islam, the life goals of both individuals and society are one and the same. That is the implementation of Allah's law and attaining Allah's pleasure. After fully accepting the rights of the individual in Islam, certain duties towards society have also been prescribed for him. In this way, such harmony has been created between individual freedom and collectivity that the individual gets the full opportunity to develop his abilities and talents, and he also helps in social welfare with his superior powers. It is a separate matter. There is no space to discuss it in detail here. I have made some brief hints on this subject in order to clear up the possibility of misunderstandings that may have arisen as a result of the interpretation of Islamic democracy which I have given earlier.
Islam is the complete code of life https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam
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