Fiqhul Akbar - 3
1. Introduction to the era
Imam Abu Hanifa (80-150 AH) was the first of the four famous Mujtahid Faqihs of the Muslim Ummah. He was of the Tabiee generation. Imam Malik Ibn Anas (93-179 AH) and Imam Muhammad Ibn Idris Shafi'i (150-204 AH) both belong to the Tabi-Tabiyi generation. And Imam Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Hanbal (164-241H) was a student of Tabi-Tabiyyid. Rahimahumullahu: May Allah have mercy on them. In fact, among the jurists of the Tabi'i era, only Imam Abu Hanifa gained such fame.
The beginning of the Umayyad period was with the acceptance of the caliphate of Muawiya (RA) in 41 Hijri. He died in 60 Hijri. Yazid Ibn Mu'awiyah ruled for about four years (60-64 AH). After his death, his son Mu'awiyah ruled for a few months and the year Khanek Marwan Ibn al-Hakam (64-65 AH). After him, his son Abdul Malik reigned for about 21 years (65-86 AH). For the next 46 years until 132 Hijri, Abdul Malik's sons, grandsons and nephews ruled the kingdom. 99 to 101 AH: Umar Ibn Abdul Aziz ruled the caliphate for about three years. His reign is considered to belong to the "Khilafat Rashedah" phase.
From the year 99 Hijri, the Abbasid movement started secretly under the slogan of "the reign of the Prophet's dynasty". From 127 A.H. open rebellion and war began. In 132 Hijri, the Umayyad Caliphate fell and the Abbasid Caliphate was established. The first Abbasid Caliph Abul Abbas Saffah ruled for about four years (132-136 AH) followed by Abu Jafar Mansur for about 22 years (136-158 AH). In addition to state ups and downs, instability and change, religious beliefs and actions also saw the birth of various factions during this period. Despite internal problems, the Muslim state was established as one of the world powers at that time. From China, Russia, and parts of India to North Africa and Spain—more than half the world at the time—was covered by Muslim states. Economic prosperity and knowledge spread widely.
Before the birth of Imam Abu Hanifa, two political-religious sects were born during the caliphate of Ali (RA) Kharijites and Shias. From the middle of the Umayyad period, the sects of Qadariya, Murjiya, Jahmiyya, Mutazila, etc. emerged. It was at this time that Imam Abu Hanifa was born during the reign of the Umayyad Caliph Abdul Malik and died during the reign of the Abbasid Caliph Mansur.
No comments